Name- Oshrit Kaspi Baruch
Address and telephone number at work- Oshrit Kaspi Baruch
Department of Business Administration, School of Management
Ben Gurion University, Israel
08- 6472568
B.A. – Behavioral Sciences, 1990-1994, Ben Gurion University, Israel,
Department of Behavioral sciences graduated with honors
M.A – Clinical Psychology, 1995- 1997, Ben Gurion University, Israel,
Department of Behavioral sciences
Name of advisor- Prof. Joseph Tzelgov
Title of thesis- Ironic Monitoring Processes
The issue of resource requirement in automaticity is contradictory and the findings appearing in the literature are not consistent. According to the classical view of automaticity, sometimes called the "strong view", automatic processes don’t require resources (Hasher & Zacks; Posner, 1979; LaBerge & Samuels, 1974; Shiffrin & Schneider, 1977). Recently, contrary to this belief, some researchers have found that automatic processes do require recourses (Paap & Ogden, 1981; Kahanman & Henik, 1981; Kahanman & Chazyck, 1983). The thesis being presented here tries to address this inconsistency in the literature and deals with two main issues: 1. Does automatic processing requires resources? 2. Does control over automaticity require resources? Automatic processing is defined here is as processing without monitoring (Tzelgov, 1997) and is operationalized in the Stroop color naming task (Stroop, 1935), which is one of the most cited examples of automaticity of word reading. In the four experiments which were conducted in this study, the Stroop effect was an indication of automaticity. In previous research it has been shown that automatic processes can be controlled (Tzelgov, Henik & Berger, 1992). In the present study, to induce controlled processing the subject's expectations regarding the color-word, versus the neutral stimuli were varied. Availability of resources was examined with secondary task memory load (Logan, 1979). In order to examine the issue of monitoring the instructions given to the subjects were manipulated, assuming that the instructions will cause the subjects to monitor non automatic processes. The findings in this study, concerning resource requirements in automaticity, were not consistent. The second and third experiments showed that automatic processes do not require recourses, as expected from the classical views (Hasher & Zacks, 1979; Posner, 1979; Laberge & Samuels, 1974; Shiffrin & Schneider, 1977). In contrast in the first and forth experiments, it was found that automatic processing requires recourses. These findings were consistent with the findings of Kahanman and Henik (1981) and of Kahanman and Chazyck (1983). Regarding the second issue of control on automaticity as requiring resources, here also the findings were inconsistent. In the first experiment, it was found that control on automaticity requires recourses, but this finding was not replicated in the rest of the experiments. In addition it was found that there was some kind of interaction between the control on the automatic process and the monitoring on the non automatic process. The nature of this interaction is complicated and is still not fully understood. Future research should further explore this complexity.
- Awards, Citations, Honors, Fellowship
(a) Honors- B.A with honors, Ben Gurion University, Israel
(b) Fellowships – During B.A, received a tuition and stipend while working as a research assistant in the cognitive Laboratory at the behavioral Sciences department, for 3 years
(c) Excellent lecturer- Achva academic college-2007
1. Tzelgov, J., Henik, A., Sneg, R., & Baruch, O. (1996). Unintentional word reading via the phonological route: The Stroop effect with cross-script homophones. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 336–349
2. Pines, A. M., & Kaspi-Baruch, O. (2007). Culture and gender in the career choice of aspiring managers and entrepreneurs. In ?zbilgin, M. F., & Pines, M.A. (Eds.) Career Choice in Management and Entrepreneurship, Cheltenham UK: Edward Elger, 51-74.
3. Pines, A. M., & Kaspi-Baruch O. (2007, July 10-14). Culture and gender in the career choice of aspiring managers and entrepreneurs. The International Conference on Interdisciplinary Social Sciences. The University of Granada, Spain.
4. Pines, A. M., & Kaspi-Baruch O. (2008). The role of Culture and Gender in the Choice of a Career in Management. Career Development International: Special Issue, 4, Received, will be published on issue 4 August 2008.